John Brock – Page 9 – Edmonds Environmental Council

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Occurrence and Contaminant Background Support Document for the Final PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA 815-R-24-013
April, 2024

Executive Summary

On March 3, 2021 (86 FR 12272; USEPA, 2021a), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced its decision to regulate perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA).

Maximum Contaminant Level Goals for Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) in Drinking Water

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA-815-R-24-010
April, 2024

Background and Purpose

Section 1412(a)(3) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) requires the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to finalize a Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) simultaneously with the publication of a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR). The MCLG is set, as defined in Section 1412(b)(4)(A), at “the level at which no known or anticipated adverse effects on the health of persons occur and which allows an adequate margin of safety.” Consistent with SDWA 1412(b)(3)(C)(i)(V), in developing the MCLG, the EPA considers “the effects of the contaminant on the general population and on groups within the general population such as infants, children, pregnant women, the elderly, individuals with a history of serious illness, or other subpopulations that are identified as likely to be at greater risk of adverse health effects due to exposure to contaminants in drinking water than the general population.” Other factors considered in determining MCLGs for drinking water contaminants include health effects data, toxicity values, cancer classifications, and potential sources of exposure other than drinking water. MCLGs are not regulatory levels and are not enforceable.

Human Health Toxicity Assessment for Perfluorooctanic Acid (PFOA) and Related Salts

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA Document No. 815R24008
April, 2024

Overview of Background Information and Systematic Review Protocol

The methods used to conduct the systematic review for PFOA are consistent with the methods described in the draft and final EPA ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments (U.S. EPA, 2022b, 2020a) (hereafter referred to as the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Handbook) and a companion publication (Thayer et al., 2022).

Reader view: Time to speak up about the city’s Comprehensive Plan process

By Joe Scordino
Posted: March 17, 2024

Do the citizens of Edmonds really want changes made to the city’s Comprehensive Plan (which dictates municipal operations in the city) so that we become known as “Edmonds – Where the Sewer Meets the Sea”?

Revised Final Results of Supplemental Stormwater Monitoring for PFAS

Madrona K-8 School Replacement Project, Edmonds, Washington

Shannon & Wilson
February 13, 2024

This letter report summarizes the procedures and results of supplemental sampling of stormwater for analyses of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at tge Edmonds School District No. 15 (ESD) Madrona K-8 School Replacement Project (Project). The purpose of this voluntary sampling event was to objectively evaluate for the presence of PFAS in stormwater following stormwater sampling conducted by Olympic View Water abd Sewer District (OVWSD) on October 22, 2022. Because the procedures used to collect stormwater samples by OVWSD were not provided, the usability and validity of their data are unknown. A map of the project location is provided as Figure 1. This letter is revised from the final version dated February 8, 2024, to correct the pagination.

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2024 Madrona Stormwater Sampling Results Download

Feb. 13: Online meeting to provide update on Unocal Edmonds cleanup site

Posted: February 10, 2024

Feb. 13: Online meeting to provide update on Unocal Edmonds cleanup site

Tire anti-degradant (6PPD) and 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ)

Department of Ecology

6PPD is a chemical that prevents automotive tires from degrading (i.e., breaking down) and helps them last longer. When 6PPD is exposed to air, it reacts with ozone to create 6PPD-quinone (also known as 6PPDQ). 6PPDQ is lethal to coho salmon and can contaminate water systems.

We work with Tribal and local governments, state and federal agencies, academic institutions, and industrial organizations to reduce the pollution and sources of 6PPDQ released from tires in Washington.

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Link to DOE article

United States Analysis of the Regulatory Inception of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances(PFAS) in Drinking Water Policy among States and Review of Regulatory Efforts made by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency

By Amy Hagarty, Bachelor of Science
A Thesis Submitted in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
Master of Science
in the field of Environmental Science
Graduate School
Southern Illinois University Edwardsville
December, 2023

2024 PFAS in drinking water Download

Reader view: Protecting our drinking water supply

Posted: November 27, 2023

Link to My Edmonds News article

Has growth become more important than clean drinking water? Our government has a duty to protect us and especially our children, the elderly, and other vulnerable groups from exposure to polluted water sources. Clean water is finite and precious. We should not be reluctant to protect it.

Edmonds Marsh volunteers conclude their restoration work for the year

Posted: October 5, 2023

Edmonds Marsh volunteers conclude their restoration work for the year

Reader view: Can we stop the demise of Edmonds salmon streams?

By Joe Scordino
Posted: August 26, 2023

First it was Perrinville Creek and now it is Shell Creek that is losing its natural functions and salmon habitat — this time because of neglect and inaction by city administration in Edmonds’ Yost Park.

In the case of Perrinville Creek, the loss of salmon is due to both inaction to implement a watershed restoration plan (as promised by Mayor Nelson in a press release over two years ago), and an apparent illegal action the city took in January 2021 to totally block salmon access to Perrinville Creek.

Analytical Report – Prepared for Olympic View Water & Sewer District

eurofins Environment Testing
July 21, 2023

Analytical Report

230623 OVWSD PFAS Lab Results Download

Guidance for Investigating and Remediating PFAS Contamination in Washington State

Department of Ecology
June, 2023

A brief history of PFAS

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are collectively known as PFAS. The group comprises thousands of unique synthetic organic chemicals that are extremely stable and persistent. Commercially manufactured since the 1940s, PFAS compounds have been used in manufacturing common consumer products, such as carpeting, clothing, furniture, outdoor equipment, and food packaging. Many industries have also used PFAS, including aerospace, automotive, aviation, electronics, and medical industries. One major source of PFAS contamination is Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF), which is used for fire training and extinguishing petroleum fires and other flammable liquids.

How PFAS impact stormwater

Stormwater Solutions
David C. Richardson
April 14, 2023

A new substance found in residue from an experiment on refrigerants caught the attention of Dupont chemists nearly 100 years ago. They thought it had some interesting properties. It was resistant to water, grease, heat and decay. Soon it would be used to keep pots clean, to waterproof convertible car tops and to put out fires.

Taking on such household names as Teflon and Scotchgard, and deployed for varied uses as firefighting, and the manufacture of extruded plastics, it would eventually be applied to the glamorous world of cosmetics, and, in such workaday products as grease resistant fast-food wrappers and microwave popcorn bags.

Watershed Protection Plan – Olympic View Water & Sewer District

PACE Engineers, Inc.
Original 2018
Revised April 2023

Executive Summary

The Olympic View Water & Sewer District (District) is located in southwestern Snohomish County in the State of Washington and encompasses portions of the City of Edmonds, the Town of Woodway and unincorporated Snohomish County, including the communities of Esperance, Westgate, and Firdale Village.

Deer Creek, Willow Creek, Chase Lake and Chase Lake Pond, located within the District, are considered critical habitat for aquatic life and recreational use. Currently, Deer Creek is the District’s surface water source. The 228th Street SW Well Field is the District’s new aquifer water source and consists of two wells; one well was dug in 2014, and a second well was dug in 2016. Both wells are scheduled to begin treatment and use in 2019.